A menstrual disorder is an irregular condition in a woman's menstrual cycle. There are a number of different menstrual disorders. Problems can range from heavy, painful periods to no period at all. There are many variations in menstrual patterns, but in general women should be concerned when periods come fewer than 21 days or more than 3 months apart, or if they last more than 10 days.Dysmenorrhea is severe, frequent cramping during menstruation. Pain occurs in the lower abdomen but can spread to the lower back and thighs.
There are two types of dysmenorrhea: "primary" and "secondary".
Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions Menstrual Disorders (Dysmenorrhea) :
Acute Pain
Goal: reduced patient pain
Expected outcomes:
- Pain is reduced / can be adapted,
- Can identify activities that increase / decrease pain,
- Low pain scale.
Interventions and Rationale:
1. Explain and help clients with pain relief measures, nonpharmacological and non-invasive.
R /: Approach using relaxation and other nonpharmacological has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing pain.
2. Teach the use of warm compresses.
R /: Relieves abdominal cramps. Heat works by the increasing vasodilation and muscle relaxation, while decreasing iskemic uterus.
3. Teach Relaxation: Techniques to reduce skeletal muscle tension, which can reduce pain intensity and improve relaxation massage.
R /: Will the blood circulation, so that the oxygen demand will be met by the tissue, which will reduce the pain.
4. Teach methods of distraction for acute pain.
R /: Divert attention pain to the things that make happy.
5. Do massage the lower back.
R /: Reduce pain with vertebral muscle relaxation and increased blood supply. Many women are adapting something positive with yoga, biofeedback, meditation, and relaxation therapy.
6. Give chance a break when it feels pain and provide a comfortable position; eg bedtime, mounted behind a small pillow.
R /: Rest will relax, thereby increasing comfort.
7. Encourage lowering sodium input during the week before menstruation.
R /: Reduce the risk of fluid retention.
8. Increase knowledge of: the causes of pain, and connect how long pain will last.
R /: Knowledge that will help reduce the pain felt. And can help develop client adherence to treatment plans.
9. Observations over the level of pain, and motor response client, 30 minutes after drug administration to assess the analgesic effectiveness. And every 1-2 hours after the maintenance action for 1-2 days.
R /: Assessment of optimal, will provide objective data to prevent possible complications and appropriate interventions.
10. Collaboration with physicians, providing analgesic.
R /: Analgesic block the path of pain, so the pain will be reduced.
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